ORCID

0009-0001-2053-1285

Keywords

Mathematics Education Conceptual Understanding Two-Step Equations Pre-Service Teachers Instructional Decision-Making TPACK TeachLivE Simulation

Subject Categories

Curriculum and Instruction | Science and Mathematics Education | Teacher Education and Professional Development

Abstract

This qualitative multiple case study explored how secondary mathematics pre-service teachers made and interpreted instructional moves while teaching two-step linear equations in a simulated TeachLivE environment. Grounded in the frameworks of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) and NCTM’s Principles to Actions teaching practice of building procedural fluency from conceptual understanding, this study examined how participants integrated mathematical knowledge, pedagogical strategies, and technology while promoting conceptual understanding. Data sources included TeachLivE session recordings, written reflections, observation notes, and stimulated recall interviews collected across four cases.  Deductive coding was used to identify patterns in participants’ instructional discourse, questioning, use of representations, and responsiveness to student thinking. Findings revealed that participants consistently expressed beliefs aligned with conceptual understanding and demonstrated strong pedagogical content knowledge; however, instructional discourse frequently reflected procedural patterns during teaching. Participants often attempted to connect procedures to underlying mathematical ideas, resulting in an emerging teaching for conceptual understanding space in which the intentions to teach concepts and procedural discourse coexisted. Technology was used to support instruction, but its integration was generally limited and rarely transformed opportunities for student reasoning.  This study contributes to mathematics teacher education by highlighting the complexity of translating teaching for conceptual understanding beliefs into enacted instructional practice and by providing a more nuanced understanding of teaching for conceptual understanding as a idevelopmental process. Findings also demonstrate the potential of mixed-reality simulations as lower-stakes environments for rehearsal, reflection, and instructional growth. Implications are discussed for mathematics teacher education programs, policy, and future research related to teaching for conceptual understanding, technology integration, and simulation-based learning environments.

Completion Date

2026

Semester

Summer

Committee Chair

Bush, Sarah

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

College

College of Community Innovation and Education

Department

School of Teacher Education

Format

PDF

Document Type

Dissertation

Language

English

Release Date

8-15-2027

Available for download on Sunday, August 15, 2027

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