ORCID

0009-0007-5286-4651

Keywords

Surface engineering, Polydopamine-mediated metal deposition Core–shell nanoparticles, Cellulose nanocrystals, Copper-based antimicrobials, Sustainable crop protection

Subject Categories

Chemical Engineering | Materials Science and Engineering | Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Abstract

Conventional approaches to nanomaterial synthesis often struggle to achieve precise control over surface composition, structure, and function, limiting both the reproducibility of nanoparticle fabrication and the performance of nanomaterials deployed in real-world applications such as sustainable agriculture. This dissertation addresses these challenges by developing surface and interface engineering strategies for two distinct nanomaterial platforms: plasmonic metal nanoparticles and cellulose-based agricultural nanocomposites. Chapter 1 introduces the structural and synthetic principles governing nanomaterial design, with emphasis on controlled metal deposition during seed-mediated growth and copper-based crop protection technologies and their limitations. Chapter 2 presents a polydopamine-mediated strategy for directing secondary Au and Ag deposition on gold nanoparticle seeds with different geometries, including spheres, rods, bipyramids, and cubes. By placing metal-binding and redox-active functionality at the nanoparticle surface, the PDA interlayer promotes interfacial metal growth and reveals how PDA thickness, seed geometry, and secondary metal identity control morphology retention, overgrowth, and plasmonic response. Chapter 3 reports the design of copper-loaded cellulose nanocrystal nanocomposites synthesized through in situ precipitation of copper species onto cellulose nanocrystals derived from a mixed-acid hydrolysis route. These nanocomposites exhibit strong antibacterial activity against copper-sensitive and copper-tolerant Xanthomonas perforans strains while improving foliar copper retention and reducing phytotoxicity compared with a leading commercial copper bactericide at equivalent copper doses. Mechanistic studies indicate that the hydrophilic, porous cellulose nanocrystal network contributes to antimicrobial performance by promoting bacterial localization and contact near copper-containing residues. Chapter 4 summarizes the key findings of both systems and outlines future directions for improving structural control, field translation, and structure–function understanding. Collectively, this dissertation demonstrates how rational surface and interface design can improve synthetic control, functional performance, and environmental compatibility across diverse nanomaterial systems, offering practical platforms for plasmonic nanotechnology and safer, more effective crop protection strategies.

Completion Date

2026

Semester

Summer

Committee Chair

Santra, Swadeshmukul

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

College

College of Sciences

Department

Chemistry

Format

PDF

Document Type

Dissertation

Language

English

Release Date

8-15-2028

Available for download on Tuesday, August 15, 2028

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