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Angus, David L., and Jeffrey E. Mirel, "Equality, Curriculum, and the Decline of the Academic Ideal: Detroit, 1930-68," History of Education Quarterly, 33(Summer, 1993),177-207., David L. Angus and Jeffrey E. Mirel

Annotation: Reports the distribution of courses in various academic and non-academic subjects in Detroit from 1930-1968 and notes the decline of the former.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Curriculum and the Disciplines, Enrollment Changes-Implications

Benavot, Aaron, "Curricular Content, Educational Expansion, and Economic Growth," Comparative Education Review, 36(May,1992), 150-174., Aaron Benavot

Annotation: Examines cross-national empirical evidence of relative economic value of various subjects in the curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Evaluation
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Comparative Curriculum

Connelly, F. Michael, and Gerry Connelly, "Curriculum Policy Guidelines: Context, Structures, and Functions," pp. 54-73 in Allan Luke, Annette Woods, and Katie Weir, eds., Curriculum, Syllabus Design, and Equity: A Primer and Model. New York: Routledge, 2013., F. Michael Connelly and Gerry Connelly

Annotation: Analyzes types of curriculum policy, curriculum guidelines, and their functions; describes guidelines for writing curriculum guidelines; discusses role of support documents; discusses decision-points and provides practical examples (mostly from Ontario) of this work.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Guides, Plans, Documents, Materials
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Frameworks, Materials Development and Evaluation, School Subjects, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Deng, Zongyi, "Michael Young, Knowledge, and Curriculum: An International Dialogue," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 47(No. 6, 2015), 723-732., Zongyi Deng

Annotation: Introduces six essays following this editorial preview that are concerned with commenting on Michael Young's 2013 essay in this journal that called for curriculum theorist to address the question of what knowledge students are entitled to have access to in a curriculum; this essay summarizes the six essays around three topics derived from Young's essay; commentaries are by curriculum theorist from USA, Singapore, South Africa, Sweden, USA, and Canada; Young's response to these essays follows.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization, Curriculum and the Disciplines, School Subjects

Deng, Zongyi, "Transforming the Subject Matter: Examining the Intellectual Roots of Pedagogical Content Knowledge," Curriculum Inquiry, 37(September, 2007), 279-295., Zongyi Deng

Annotation: Argues that determining what constitutes the subject matter of a school subject is a curricular task whereas transforming disciplinary content into pedagogical content knowledge is primarily a pedagogical task; the two are not the same.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Enactment and Teaching, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and the Disciplines, Teacher Planning, Curriculum Development Strategies, Content Selection and Organization, Materials Development and Evaluation, School Subjects

Gaskell, Jane, and John Willinsky, eds., Gender In/Forms Curriculum: From Enrichment to Transformation. New York: Teachers College Press, 1995., Jane Gaskell and John Willinsky

Annotation: Reviews ways in which gender is exhibited in curriculum and ways gender roles are learned in curriculum; by authors of 14 chapters on various subject areas in the curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Ideology and School Knowledge, Content Selection and Organization

Goodlad, John I., et al, "What We Don't Know About Schooling," Phi Delta Kappan, 61(May, 1980), 591-606., John I. Goodlad

Annotation: Introduces a series of articles about what we don't know about teaching various school subjects; identifies leading questions that should be answered.

Broad Topical Focus: Defining Curriculum Research Questions
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum as Environment, Curriculum as Experience, School Subjects

Goodson, Ivor, School Subjects and Curriculum Change: Case Studies in Curriculum History. London: Croom Helm, 1983. Philadeplia: Falmer, 1987., Ivor Goodson

Annotation: Discusses the history of several school subjects in the curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Curriculum History

Goodson, Ivor, "Studying School Subjects," Curriculum Perspectives, 12 (April, 1992), 23-26., Ivor Goodson

Annotation: Reviews the historical work done in studying the origins and development of school subjects in U. S., Canada, Europe, and Australia.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Curriculum History, Comparative Curriculum

Goodson, Ivor, "Subjects for Study: Aspects of a Social History of Curriculum," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 15(October-December, 1983), 391-408. A later version appears as "Subjects for Study," pp. 343-367 in Ivor Goodson, ed., Social Histories of the Secondary Curriculum: Subjects for Study. London: Falmer Press, 1985., Ivor Goodson

Annotation: Analyzes some aspects of histories of curriculum subjects.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Defining Curriculum Research Questions
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Content Selection and Organization, Curriculum History, Curriculum Theory Creation and Uses, Secondary School Curriculum

Goodson, Ivor F., "Becoming a School Subject," pp. 160-183 in his The Making of Curriculum: Collected Essays. London: The Falmer Press, 1988. Also in 2nd ed., 1995. A version appears pp. 52-68 in Ivor F. Goodson, Learning, Curriculum, and Life Politics: The Selected Works of Ivor F. Goodson. London: Routledge, 2005., Ivor F. Goodson

Annotation: Discusses the establishment and promotion of geography as a school subject in the United Kingdom.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Curriculum and Politics, School Subjects

Goodson, Ivor F., ed., International Perspectives on Curriculum History . London: Croom Helm, 1986., Ivor F. Goodson

Annotation: Gives accounts of curriculum history in eleven countries in various subject areas.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines,Curriculum Research Domains and Structure
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Curriculum History, Comparative Curriculum

Goodson, Ivor F., ed., Social Histories of the Secondary Curriculum: Subjects for Study . London: Falmer, 1985., Ivor F. Goodson

Annotation: Presents studies of the histories of several secondary subjects.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making,Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Secondary School Curriculum, Curriculum History, Comparative Curriculum

Goodson, Ivor F.,"On Curriculum Form," Sociology of Education, 65(January, 1992), 66-75. Reprinted pp. 69-80 in Ivor F. Goodson, Learning, Curriculum, and Life Politics: The Selected Works of Ivor F. Goodson. London: Routledge, 2005., Ivor F. Goodson

Annotation: Traces the structuration of science as a school subject for "higher order" and for "lower order" students in the United Kingdom.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Curriculum and Politics, School Subjects, Science

Goodson, Ivor F., "Patterns of Curriculum Change," pp. 231-241 in Andy Hargreaves, Ann Lieberman, Michael Fullan, and David Hopkins, eds., International Handbook of Educational Change, Part One. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998., Ivor F. Goodson

Annotation: Describes the relation between political power and the evolution of school subjects.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and Politics, Comparative Curriculum, School Subjects

Goodson, Ivor F., Studying Curriculum. New York: Teachers College Press, 1994., Ivor F. Goodson

Annotation: Collects previous work by the author that relates to the history of school subjects in Canada and Britain from a social constructivist perspective.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Comparative Curriculum, Curriculum History

Goodson, Ivor F., "Towards Curriculum History," pp. 1-8 in Ivor F. Goodson, ed., Social Histories of the Secondary Curriculum: Subjects for Study . London: Falmer, 1985., Ivor F. Goodson

Annotation: Argues for the study of the history of school subjects in the secondary curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines,Curriculum Research Domains and Structure
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Secondary School Curriculum, Curriculum History

Goodson, Ivor F., and Stephen J. Ball, eds., Defining the Curriculum: Histories and Ethnographies . London: Falmer, 1984., Ivor F. Goodson and Stephen J. Ball

Annotation: Contains articles on several subjects within the curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Curriculum History, Comparative Curriculum

Goodson, Ivor F., and Colin Marsh, Studying School Subjects: A Guide. Bristol, PA: Falmer Press, 1996., Ivor F. Goodson and Colin Marsh

Annotation: Provides an introductory overview of the study of school subjects as history, the value of such research, and their useful implications for today.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, School Subjects, Curriculum History

Green, Bill, "Knowledge, Pedagogy, Democracy: Reclaiming the Australian Curriculum," pp. 265-276 in Alan Reid and Deborah Price, eds., The Australian Curriculum: Promise, Problems, and Possibilities. Canberra: Australian Curriculum Studies Association, 2018., Bill Green

Annotation: Offers a critique of the current Australian Curriculum and of the articles written about it earlier in this book; addresses questions about knowledge, pedagogy, and democracy that are prompted by these earlier articles; gives an overall assessment of where work with the Australian Curriculum now stands.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making; Curriculum Guides, Plans, Documents, Materials
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay, Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Comparative Curriculum, Curriculum Frameworks, Curriculum and Politics, Core Mandates, Freedom/Authority and Curriculum, School Subjects, Elementary School Curriculum

Gundem, Bjorg B., "History of Curriculum", pp. 1301-1308 in Torsten Husen and Thomas N. Postlethwaite, eds., The International Encyclopedia of Education, 2d ed. New York: Pergamon, 1994.*, Bjorg B. Gundem

Annotation: Reviews the scope, subject matter, and value of historical inquiry in curriculum; history of curriculum theories, of curriculum codes, of school subjects, of curriculum reform and practice.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum as a Field of Practice and Study
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Status Study
Narrow Topic: Comparative Curriculum, Curriculum History, School Subjects

Hameyer, Uwe, "Transforming Domain Knowledge: A Systemic View at the School Curriculum," The Curriculum Journal, 18(December, 2007), 411-427., Uwe Hameyer

Annotation: Sets a conceptual framework (for relating curriculum knowledge, instructional knowledge, and school knowledge) within which the author discusses seven possible ways of transforming discipline-based domain knowledge into school subjects; also sets an agenda of needed research on this process of knowledge transformation; recommends professional action to facilitate work related to this process of doing actual knowledge transformation.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Research Domains and Structure
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry, Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization, School Subjects

Hammersley, Martyn, and Andy Hargreaves, Curriculum Practice: Some Sociological Case Studies . Philadelphia: Falmer, 1983.*, Martyn Hammersley and Andy Hargreaves

Annotation: Gives a brief explanation of the work done in the sociology of education and presents several case studies.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Comparative Curriculum

Hopkins, L. Thomas, Integration: Its Meaning and Application. New York: D. Appleton-Century Company, 1937., L. Thomas Hopkins

Annotation: Analyzes integration in persons and in the curriculum; refers to philosophical, biological, and psychological aspects of integration; reports research on local courses of study where correlated, broad-fields, core, and experience curricula are operating; shows how partial integration is evident in these courses of study, but full integration is not.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum as a Field of Practice and Study
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis, Scientific/Empirical Inquiry, Content Analysis
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Integration, Curriculum as Experience, Curriculum Frameworks, School Subjects, Literature of Curriculum, Curriculum Professors

Kamens, David H., and Yun-Kyung Cha, "The Legitimation of New Subjects in Mass Schooling: 19th-Century Origins and 20th-Century Diffusion of Art and Physical Education," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 24(January-February, 1992), 43-60., David H. Kamens and Yun-Kyung Cha

Annotation: Reviews the history of art and physical education in the curriculum around the world.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Comparative Curriculum, School Subjects, Art Education, Physical Education

Kliebard, Herbert M., and Barry M. Franklin, "The Course of the Course of Study: History of Curriculum," pp. 138-157 in John Hardin Best, ed., Historical Inquiry in Education: A Research Agenda . Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association, 1983.*, Herbert M. Kliebard and Barry M. Franklin

Annotation: Sets an agenda of historical work needed in the curriculum field.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines,Defining Curriculum Research Questions,Curriculum Research Domains and Structure
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, School Subjects

Lopes, Alice Casimiro, and Elizabeth Macedo, "An Analysis of Disciplinarity on the Organization of School Knowledge," pp. 169-185 in Eero Ropo and Tero Autio, eds., International Conversations on Curriculum Studies: Subject, Society, and Curriculum. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers, 2009., Alice Casimiro Lopes and Elizabeth Macedo

Annotation: Reviews various approaches to organizing the content of the curriculum (separate subjects/interdisciplinary); makes the distinction between subjects reflecting the disciplines of knowledge and those organized as school subjects that integrate content from multiple disciplines; illustrates this difference with the example of school science in Brazilian curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and the Disciplines, School Subjects, Science, Comparative Curriculum

Lopes, Alice Casimiro, and Elizabeth Macedo,, "An Analysis of Disciplinarity on the Organization of School Knowledge," pp. 169-185 in Eero Ropo and Tero Autio, eds., International Conversations on Curriculum Studies: Subject, Society, and Curriculum. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers, 2009., Alice Casimiro Lopes and Elizabeth Macedo

Annotation: Discusses the difference between the organization of curriculum into school subjects and by discipline; shows the difficulty of integrating disciplinary knowledge; illustrates these issues in science in Brazil.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Curriculum Integration

Martin, Jane Roland, Readings in the Philosophy of Education: A Study of Curriculum . Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1970., Jane Roland Martin

Annotation: Contains 29 reprinted articles on the logic of curriculum, on aims and objectives, on the nature of knowledge, and on subjects and subject matters.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis,Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism,Normative Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Aims and Objectives, School Subjects, Curriculum and the Disciplines, Content Selection and Organization, Knowledge Generation

Martin, Jane Roland, "The Anatomy of Subjects," Educational Theory, 27(Spring, 1977), 85-95., Jane Roland Martin

Annotation: Distinguishes between school subjects and disciplines, showing overlaps in part or wholes.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis,Normative Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization, Curriculum and the Disciplines, School Subjects

Morrison, Keith, "Tension in Subject Specialist Teaching in Primary Schools," Curriculum, 6(Summer, 1985), 24-29., Keith Morrison

Annotation: Analyzes the problem of teaching content specialties in the primary schools in England

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design,Curriculum Enactment and Teaching
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Content Selection and Organization, Comparative Curriculum, Elementary School Curriculum

Nelson, Nancy, and Robert C. Calfee, "The Reading-Writing Connection Viewed Historically," pp. 1-52 in Nancy Nelson and Robert C. Calfee, eds., The Reading-Writing Connection. Ninety -seventh Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, Part II. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1998., Nancy Nelson and Robert C. Calfee

Annotation: Traces the development of English as a school and college subject in the United States; includes current trends.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, English, Curriculum History, Higher Education Curriculum

Paechter, Carrie F., Changing School Subjects: Power, Gender, and Curriculum. Philadelphia: Open University Press, 2000., Carrie F. Paechter

Annotation: Reports evidence of the way power and gender differences affect the content, teaching, and learning of certain school subjects (primarily, design and technology, physical education, and music) in English and Welsh secondary schools.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Ethnographic Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Ideology and School Knowledge, Curriculum and Politics, Content Selection and Organization, Comparative Curriculum, School Subjects

Peterson, Paul E., "The Politics of Curriculum Change," pp. 52-71 in his The Politics of School Reform: 1870-1940 . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985., Paul E. Peterson

Annotation: Traces the conflicts among power groups that influenced foreign language, stratification, manual training, and vocational education.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Change, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, School Subjects

Phenix, Philip H., "Curriculum and the Analysis of Language," pp. 27-44 in James B. Macdonald and Robert R. Leeper,eds., Language and Meaning. Washington, DC: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1966., Philip H. Phenix

Annotation: Shows how analytic philosophy can contribute to curriculum and illustrates its application to the language of the disciplines.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines,Inquiry Language in Curriculum Research
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and the Disciplines, School Subjects

Popkewitz, Thomas S., "Curriculum as a Problem of Knowledge, Governing, and the Social Administration of the Soul," pp. 75-99 in Barry M. Franklin, ed., Curriculum and Consequence: Herbert M. Kliebard and the Promise of Schooling. New York: Teachers College Press, 2000., Thomas S. Popkewitz

Annotation: Traces the politics of school knowledge (subjects) as relates to school governance and freedom.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Administration, Leadership, Finance
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and Politics, Curriculum History, Ideology and School Knowledge, School Subjects, Freedom/Authority and Curriculum

Popkewitz, Thomas S., ed., The Formation of the School Subjects: The Struggle for Creating an American Institution . Philadelphia: Falmer Press, 1987., Thomas S. Popkewitz

Annotation: Presents 11 chapters showing the ideological dimensions of the content of various subjects in the curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Curriculum History, Ideology and School Knowledge

Popkewitz, Thomas S., "Knowledge, Power, and a General Curriculum," pp. 69-93 in Ian Westbury and Alan C. Purves, eds., Cultural Literacy and the Idea of General Education , Eighty-Seventh Yearbook of the NSSE, Part II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988., Thomas S. Popkewitz

Annotation: Discusses power elements in subjects in the general education curriculum, including classroom inequities.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, Ideology and School Knowledge, Liberal Education/General Education, School Subjects, Curriculum and Politics

Popkewitz, Thomas S., "The Formation of School Subjects and the Political Context of Schooling," pp. 1-14 in Thomas S. Popkewitz, ed., The Formation of the School Subjects: The Struggle for Creating an American Institution. Philadelphia: Falmer, 1987.*, Thomas S. Popkewitz

Annotation: Introduces the history of the creation of school subjects and the social and ideological pressures on this process.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Psychology and Curriculum, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Popkewitz, Thomas S., "The Production of Reason and Power: Curriculum History and Intellectual Traditions," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 29(March-April, 1997), 131-164., Thomas S. Popkewitz

Annotation: Discusses curriculum as systems of regulation and discipline in the historical examination of school subjects.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry, Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Curriculum History, Curriculum and Politics, Ideology and School Knowledge, Content Selection and Organization

Sarason, Seymour B., "Programmatic and Behavioral Regularities," pp. 569-589 in Arno A. Bellack and Herbert M. Kliebard, eds., Curriculum and Evaluation . Berkeley, CA: McCutchan, 1977., Seymour B. Sarason

Annotation: Explores the thesis that introducing change requires changing the regularities of the situation; examples are given from several subject areas and their regularities.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects

Saxe, David Warren, "Framing a Theory for Social Studies Foundations," Review of Educational Research, 62(Fall, 1992), 259-277., David Warren Saxe

Annotation: Establishes the origin of the social studies as a curriculum area in the United States.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: School Subjects, Social Studies, Curriculum History

Scheffler, Israel, "Philosophy and the Curriculum," pp. 31-41 in his Reason and Teaching . Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1973., Israel Scheffler

Annotation: Describes the analytic form of thought and related issues as they apply to various subjects in the curriculum; discusses philosophical inquiry processes as applied to education.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines,Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis,Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism,Normative Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization, School Subjects, Knowledge Generation

Soltis, Jonas F. "The Disciplines and Subject Matter," pp. 17-34 in his An Introduction to the Analysis of Educational Concepts. Reading, MA: Addison- Wesley, 1968., Jonas F. Soltis

Annotation: Analyzes these two concepts in the manner of a philosophical analyst. Also contained in 2nd edition, 1978.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and the Disciplines, School Subjects, Content Selection and Organization

Sosniak, Lauren A., and Carole L. Perlman, "Secondary Education by the Book," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 22(September-October, 1990), 427-442., Lauren A. Sosniak and Carole L. Perlman

Annotation: Compares textbook use across mathematics, English, and history from student interview data.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Phenomenological Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Textbooks, School Subjects

Stengel, Barbara S., " 'Academic Discipline' and 'School Subject': Contestable Curriculum Concepts," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 29(September-October, 1997), 585-602.*, Barbara S. Stengel

Annotation: Examines five views of the relation between the concepts of academic discipline and of school subject; gives implications for curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis, Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and the Disciplines, School Subjects, Content Selection and Organization

Walker, Decker F., and Jon Schaffarzick, "Comparing Curricula," Review of Educational Research, 44(Winter, 1974), 83-111. Reprinted pp. 412-441 in Arno A. Bellack and Herbert M. Kliebard, eds., Curriculum and Evaluation. Berkeley, CA: McCutchan, 1977.*, Decker F. Walker and Jon Schaffarzick

Annotation: Reviews studies that compare results of various subject curricula and draws implications from these results.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines, Curriculum Evaluation
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Evaluative Inquiry
Type of Study: Research Synthesis
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, School Subjects

Westbury, Ian, "The Curriculum: What Is It and How Should We Think About It?" pp. 129-158 in M. Bloomer and K. E. Shaw, eds., The Challenge of Educational Change: Limitations and Potentialities . Oxford: Pergamon, 1979.*, Ian Westbury

Annotation: Challenges the means-end form of argument commonly used in curriculum policy rhetoric because it ignores ideological, historical, and institutional issues that require deliberate practical reasoning to resolve.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences, Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Research Domains and Structure
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism, Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, School Subjects, English

Whitty, Geoff, and Michael Young, eds., Explorations in the Politics of School Knowledge. Nafferton, England: Nafferton Books, 1976., Geoff Whitty and Michael Young

Annotation: Provides an introduction to the politics of school knowledge involved in several school subjects.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and Politics, School Subjects

Yates, Lyn, "Is Women's Studies a Legitimate School Subject? An Outline of an Agenda for Discussion," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 18(January-March, 1986), 17-30., Lyn Yates

Annotation: Raises several issues about the form and appropriateness of including women's studies in the secondary curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Ideology and School Knowledge, Content Selection and Organization, Secondary School Curriculum, School Subjects

Young, Michael, "The Return to Subjects: A Sociological Perspective on the UK Coalition Government's Approach to the 14-19 Curriculum," Curriculum Journal, 22(No. 2, 2011), 265-278., Michael Young

Annotation: Critiques the model of curriculum adopted by UK's Secretary of State, Michael Gove, and his failure to give consideration to the 14-19 curriculum as a whole; the traditional vocational curriculum is described and critiqued; supports the Tomlinson Report of 2004.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization, School Subjects, Vocational vs. Liberal Education