CIRS - Curriculum Inquiry and Related Studies in Educational Research: A Searchable Bibliography of Selected Studies is a database of research studies that focuses primarily on curriculum practices and policies in education, inquiry methods useful in studying these topics, and exemplary studies from the published literature on these topics. This bibliography features a search capability by which a user can readily draw out from this list of nearly 4000 citations a list of those citations of interest on a specific topic. It covers much of the 20th century and 21st century literature to 2022. Each citation is accompanied by a brief annotation of its contents and by a series of descriptors by which it can be located in a search of the entire bibliography. To see what appears in a full citation, see a citation in the list below. This list contains all the citations available in CIRS and can be browsed here if desired. Searching by author, topic, or descriptor is possible by use of options listed under Browse CIRS in the column to the left.

For searching or printing help, visit the Tips for Using the CIRS Database page. For more information about this database, click on any of the following links: About the Bibliography; Significance; About the Compiler.

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Kilpatrick, William H., Foundations of Method. New York: Macmillan Co., 1925., William H. Kilpatrick

Annotation: Discusses factors impinging on student learning and the curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Classics of Curriculum Literature

Kilpatrick, William H., The Project Method. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University, 1919., William H. Kilpatrick

Annotation: Indicates the elements of Kilpatrick's project method based on Dewey's ideas.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Classics of Curriculum Literature

Kimball, Bruce A., "Curriculum History: The Problems in Writing About Higher Education," pp. 48-65 in Craig Kridel, ed., Curriculum History . Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1989., Bruce A. Kimball

Annotation: Reviews problems of writing history of curriculum in higher education.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, Higher Education Curriculum

Kimball, Bruce A., "Founders of 'Liberal Education': The Case for Roman Orators against Socratic Philosophers," Teachers College Record , 85(Winter, 1983), 225-249., Bruce A. Kimball

Annotation: Gives an historical examination of the origins of liberal education.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Liberal Education/General Education, Curriculum History

Kim, James S., and Gail L. Sunderman, "Measuring Academic Proficiency under the No Child Left Behind Act: Implications for Educational Equity," Educational Researcher, 34(November, 2005), 3-13., James S. Kim and Gail L. Sunderman

Annotation: Highlights differences in various between-state ratings of school performance and NCLB's adequate yearly progress (AYP) results; highlights equity issues uncovered and makes recommendations to overcome them.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Critique and Utilization of Curriculum Research and Inquiry
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Standards and Testing, Evaluation of Instruction, Program Audit/Evaluation

Kimpston, Richard D., "Curriculum Fidelity and the Implementation Tasks Employed by Teachers: A Research Study," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 17(April-June, 1985), 185-!95.*, Richard D. Kimpston

Annotation: Reports a scientific study of variables related to the fidelity of a curriculum implementation effort.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Enactment and Teaching, Curriculum Change
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Implementation

Kimpston, Richard D., and Douglas H. Anderson, "The Locus of Curriculum Decision Making and Teachers' Perceptions of their Own Attitudes and Behaviors Toward Curriculum Planning," Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 1(Winter, 1986), 100-110., Richard D. Kimpston and Douglas H. Anderson

Annotation: Reports a study on teachers' participation in curriculum planning depending on whether the locus of decision-making is the classroom, the school, or the district.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Decision-making Processes
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Survey
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Development Strategies, Curriculum Deliberation, Teacher Planning

Kimpston, Richard D., Diana J. Barber, and Karen B. Rogers, "The Program Audit," Educational Leadership, 41(May, 1984), 50-60., Richard D. Kimpston, Diana J. Barber, and Karen B. Rogers

Annotation: Describes a program audit system used in one school district.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Evaluation, Curriculum Administration, Leadership, Finance
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Case Study
Narrow Topic: Program Audit/Evaluation

Kimpston, Richard D., and Karen B. Rogers, "A Framework for Curriculum Research," Curriculum Inquiry, 16(Winter, 1986), 463-474.*, Richard D. Kimpston and Karen B. Rogers

Annotation: Gives a framework for curriculum research on design, development, implementation, and evaluation that includes presage, context, process, and outcome variables.

Broad Topical Focus: Defining Curriculum Research Questions, Curriculum Research Domains and Structure, Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation

Kimpston, Richard D., and Karen B. Rogers, "Predispostions, Participatory Roles, and Perceptions of Teachers, Principals, and Community Members in a Collaborative Curriculum Planning Process," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 20(July-August, 1988), 351-367., Richard D. Kimpston and Karen B. Rogers

Annotation: Reports a study of various participants in curriculum planning and their perceptions of the process.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Decision-making Processes
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Survey
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Development Strategies, Curriculum Deliberation, Teacher Planning

Kimpston, Richard D., and Karen B. Rogers, "The Influence of Prior Perspectives, Differences in Participatory Roles, and Degree of Participation on Views about Curriculum Development: A Case Study," Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 2(Spring, 1987), 203-220., Richard D. Kimpston and Karen B. Rogers

Annotation: Reports a study of teachers' views of curriculum planning processes.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Decision-making Processes
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Case Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Development Strategies, Teacher Planning

Kimpston, Richard D., Howard Y. Williams, and William S. Stockton, "Ways of Knowing and the Curriculum," The Educational Forum, 56(Winter, 1992), 153-172., Richard D. Kimpston, Howard Y. Williams, and William S. Stockton

Annotation: Sets forth four learning paradigms (association, correspondence, coherence, recognition), each with two subtypes, and provides a matrix analyzing each of these by six questions, including implications for curriculum planning.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Visions and Philosophies, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis, Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization, Teaching/Learning Process

Kim, Pyeong-Gook, and J. Dan Marshall, "Synoptic Curriculum Texts: Representation of Contemporary Curriculum Scholarship," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 38(June, 2006), 327-350.*, Pyeong-Gook Kim and J. Dan Marshall

Annotation: Analyzes in detail eight recent synotic curriculum texts for their relative representation of reconcepualized curriculum scholarship; corrects a version of the article appearing in May 2005.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Publication Outlets for Curriculum Research and Inquiry, Relation of Curriculum Research to Practice
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Content Analysis, Scientific/Empirical Inquiry, Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Literature of Curriculum, Discourse Analysis, Curriculum History, Curriculum Professors, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kincheloe, Joe L., "Critical Democracy and Education," pp. 70-83 in James G. Henderson and Kathleen R. Kesson, eds., Understanding Democratic Curriculum Leadership. New York: Teachers College Press, 1999., Joe L. Kincheloe

Annotation: Summarizes the nature of democratic critical theory and principles for developing transformative practices based thereon.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Enactment and Teaching, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Research Synthesis
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and Politics, Democratic Education

Kincheloe, Joe L., "Critical Pedagogy in the Twenty-first Century," pp. 9-42 in Peter McLaren and Joe L. Kincheloe, eds., Critical Pedagogy: Where are We Now? New York: Peter Lang, 2007., Joe L. Kincheloe

Annotation: Traces the scholarly work in and the challenges ahead of the field of study called critical pedagogy; reviews and assesses its purposes, assumptions, methods of inquiry, and significance; identifies qualitative standards for its work.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines
Source Discipline: Field other than Education
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay, Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, Democratic Education

Kincheloe, Joe L., "Schools Where Ronnie and Brandon Would Have Excelled: A Curriculum Theory of Academic and Vocational Integration," JCT: Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, 11(Fall, 1995), 61-84. Reprinted pp. 346-363 in William F. Pinar, ed., Contemporary Curriculum Discourses: Twenty Years of JCT. New York: Peter Lang, 1999., Joe L. Kincheloe

Annotation: Argues for a critical postmodern integration of academic and vocational education.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Proposals in Coherent Form, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Vocational vs. Liberal Education, Content Selection and Organization

Kincheloe, Joe L., Teachers as Researchers: Qualitative Inquiry as a Path to Empowerment. Bristol, PA: Falmer Press, 1991., Joe L. Kincheloe

Annotation: Explores many facets of teachers as researchers from the critical theory perspective, including the nature of positivism and certainty, the qualitative alternative, and the role of values and ideology in inquiry.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines
Source Discipline: Education
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, Teacher Research, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, Qualitative Research, Comparisons Among Inquiry Modes

Kincheloe, Joe L., "The Curriculum and the Classroom," pp. 85-103 in Joe L. Kincheloe, ed., Classroom Teaching: An Introduction. New York Peter Lang, 2008. Reprinted pp. 611-632 in Joao M. Paraskeva and Shirley R. Steinberg, ed., Curriculum: Decanonizing the Field. New York: Peter Lang, 2016., Joe L. Kincheloe

Annotation: Esplains why teaching is so difficult and limited under NCLB guidelines; advises teachers on how to teach under repressive conditions (after becoming aware of how knowledge is produced, how power shapes the curriculum, and how a critical perspective can assist); urges teachers to be developers.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Enactment and Teaching
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Conceptions of Teaching, Curriculum Development Strategies, Freedom/Authority and Curriculum, Government Role in Educational Research & Development, Ideology and School Knowledge, Local Control of Schooling, Social Efficiency/Control, Teacher Planning, Teacher Research, Teaching/Learning Process, Values in the Classroom

Kincheloe, Joe L., "The Right-Wing Politics of Knowledge and Education," pp. 31-68 in Shirley R. Steinberg and Joe L. Kincheloe, eds., What You Don't Know about Schools. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006., Joe L. Kincheloe

Annotation: Explains why many Americans have bought into the now dominant regressive, oppressive, and anti-democratic educational policies supported by right-wing political groups; focuses on presumed threats to universal knowledge, to authority of colonial and racist powers, and to pedagogies of free inquiry.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and Politics, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, Freedom/Authority and Curriculum, Criticism of Schooling

Kincheloe, Joe L., and Peter L. McLaren, "Rethinking Critical Theory and Qualitative Research" pp. 138-157 in Norman Denzin and Yvonna Lincoln, eds., Handbook of Qualitative Research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1994. *, Joe L. Kincheloe and Peter L. McLaren

Annotation: Traces the roots and development of critical research and its processes and employment in critical ethnography.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines
Source Discipline: Field other than Education
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry, Ethnographic Inquiry
Type of Study: Research Synthesis
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, Qualitative Research

Kincheloe, Joe L., and William F. Pinar, eds., Curriculum as Social Psychoanalysis: The Significance of Place, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1991., Joe L. Kincheloe and William F. Pinar

Annotation: Shows the influence of the South on curriculum and curriculum content.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization, Psychology and Curriculum

Kincheloe, Joe L., Shirley R. Steinberg, Nelson M. Rodriquez, and Ronald E. Chennault, eds., White Reign: Deploying Whiteness in America. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998., Joe L. Kincheloe, Shirley R. Steinberg, Nelson M. Rodriquez, and Ronald E. Chennault

Annotation: Gives theoretical, critical, and practical treatment to issues of white domination of U.S. identity, ideology, and institutions.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences
Source Discipline: Education
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: Ideology and School Knowledge

King, Arthur R., Jr., and John A. Brownell, The Curriculum and the Disciplines of Knowledge: A Theory of Curriculum Practice. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1966. (Reprinted: Huntington, NY: Robert E. Kreiger Publishing Co., 1976), Arthur R. King Jr. and John A. Brownell

Annotation: Makes a case for employing the disciplines of knowledge as the basis for an intellectual approach to curriculum for all students.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Proposals in Coherent Form
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay, Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and the Disciplines, Curriculum Aims and Objectives, Classics of Curriculum Literature

King, Jean A., "Curriculum Implementation," pp. 267-273 in Marvin C. Alkin, ed., Encyclopedia of Educational Research, 6th ed. New York: Macmillan, 1992.*, Jean A. King

Annotation: Summarizes studies over last ten years related to curriculum implementation--both as process and as a product.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Evaluation
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Integrative Inquiry
Type of Study: Research Synthesis
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Implementation, Program Audit/Evaluation

King, Jean A., "Evaluative Inquiry: Situational Assessment," pp. 259-270 in Edmund C. Short, ed., Forms of Curriculum Inquiry . Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1991.*, Jean A. King

Annotation: Describes the processes of evaluative inquiry in curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Evaluative Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation

King, Jean A., "Methodological Pluralism and Curriculum Inquiry," Curriculum Inquiry, 11(Summer, 1981), 167-174.*, Jean A. King

Annotation: Makes the case for methodogical pluralism in curriculum inquiry.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Research and Inquiry-General, Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines, Curriculum Theorists, Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay, Critical Inquiry, Multiple/Mixed Forms of Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, Curriculum Theory Creation and Uses

King, Jennifer A., "Meeting the Educational Needs of At-risk Students: A Cost Analysis of Three Models," Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 16(Spring, 1994), 1-19., Jennifer A. King

Annotation: Compares the Slavin (Success for All), Levin (Accelerated Schools), and Comer (School Development) models of elementary curriculum and their relative costs.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Evaluation, Curriculum Administration, Leadership, Finance
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Alternatives in Education, Needs Assessment, Elementary School Curriculum

King, Nancy R., "Play in the Workplace," pp. 262-280 in Michael W. Apple and Lois Weis, eds., Ideology and Practice in Schooling . Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1983.*, Nancy R. King

Annotation: Reports a study of children's understanding of work and of play (in grades 1-5) in routines of their curriculum experiences.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Enactment and Teaching
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry, Ethnographic Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Elementary School Curriculum, Ideology and School Knowledge

King, Nancy R., "Recontextualizing the Curriculum," Theory Into Practice, 25 (Winter, 1986), 36-40., Nancy R. King

Annotation: Discusses curriculum as an event and as situated; draws implications for curriculum developers and researchers.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design,Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences,Curriculum Research Domains and Structure
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Normative Inquiry,Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum as Experience, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

King, Nigel, "Template Analysis," pp.118-134 in Gillian Symon and Catherine Cassell, eds., Qualitative Methods and Analyses in Organizational Research: A Practical Guide. London: Sage, 1998., Nigel King

Annotation: Describes and explains the use of template analysis in thematic coding of qualitative data; illustrated by reference to a study done by the author on managing mental health care.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines
Source Discipline: Field other than Education
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Content Analysis, Phenomenological Inquiry, Ethnographic Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Qualitative Research, Knowledge Generation

Kirk, David, "A Journal and its Field: The Impact of the Journal of Curriculum Studies," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 26(November-December, 1994), 669-681., David Kirk

Annotation: Reviews the citation of articles from this journal by Social Science Citation Index and discusses the journal's impact.

Broad Topical Focus: Publication Outlets for Curriculum Research and Inquiry
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Survey
Narrow Topic: Literature of Curriculum

Kirk, David, "Curriculum Reseach and Educational Praxis," Curriculum Perspectives, 9(October, 1989), 41-50.*, David Kirk

Annotation: Traces conceptions of curriculum and asserts that a structure/agency (Giddens) conception should guide ethnographic inquiry in curriculum research; discusses implications for curriculum research of praxis and distortion of reality.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Research and Inquiry-General, Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Research Domains and Structure, Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines, Relation of Curriculum Research to Practice
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Ethnographic Inquiry, Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kirk, David, "Ideology and School-Centered Innovation: A Case Study and a Critique," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 20(September-October, 1988), 449-464., David Kirk

Annotation: Describes teachers' innovative actions in an Australian school.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Case Study
Narrow Topic: Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, Comparative Curriculum, Teacher Planning

Kirk, David, "School Knowledge and the Curriculum Package-as-Text," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 22(September-October, 1990), 409-425., David Kirk

Annotation: Describes a critical framework for studying curriculum packages and applies it to a physical education package in Queensland.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Guides, Plans, Documents, Materials
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Ideology and School Knowledge, Physical Education, Comparative Curriculum

Kirk, David, "Temporal Dimensions of an Innovative Idea: A Case Study of Teacher-Initiated Innovation," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 18(July-September, 1986), 311-330., David Kirk

Annotation: Describes all facets of a teacher-initiated innovation in an Australian school (see related article in JCS, 20 (5).

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Case Study
Narrow Topic: Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, Comparative Curriculum, Teacher Planning

Kirk, David, and Stephen Smith, "How Objective are ROSBA Objectives: A Critique of Objectivism in Curriculum Design," Curriculum Perspectives, 6(October, 1986), 32-36., David Kirk and Stephen Smith

Annotation: Critiques a competency-based model of curriculum design and assesses it as objectivist, contradictory, confused, and incoherent.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization, Curriculum Aims and Objectives, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kirst, Michael W., "The Politics of Nationalizing Curricular Content," American Journal of Education, 102(August, 1994), 383-393., Michael W. Kirst

Annotation: Summarizes the issues in the current debates over national curriculum standards.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Integrative Inquiry
Type of Study: Status Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and Politics, Content Selection and Organization, Curriculum Standards and Testing

Kirst, Michael W., and Gail R. Meister, "Turbulence in American Secondary Schools: What Reforms Last?" Curriculum Inquiry, 15(Summer, 1985), 169-186., Michael W. Kirst and Gail R. Meister

Annotation: Examines the history of demands for reform and reports four kinds of reforms that last; makes suggestions for improved curriculum policy-making.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making,Curriculum Change
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Secondary School Curriculum

Kirst, Michael W., and Decker F. Walker, "An Analysis of Curriculum Policy- Making," Review of Educational Research, 41(December, 1971), 479-509. Reprinted pp. 538-568 in Arno A. Bellack and Herbert M. Kliebard, eds., Curriculum and Evaluation. Berkeley, CA: McCutchan, 1977., Michael W. Kirst and Decker F. Walker

Annotation: Explains how curriculum policy making is conducted in the United States, including major groups influencing policy at various levels.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Integrative Inquiry
Type of Study: Research Synthesis
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and Politics

Kirylo, James, "The Discourse of the Spirituality of Liberation Theology in Curriculum Theory," JCT: Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, 15(Spring, 1999), 77-87., James Kirylo

Annotation: Identifies concepts in liberation theology and suggests implications for curriculum theory.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay, Religious Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Values in the Classroom

Kirylo, James D., and Ann K. Nauman, eds., Curriculum Development: Perspectives from Around the World. Olney, MD: Association for Childhood Education International, 2010., James D. Kirylo and Ann K. Nauman

Annotation: Contains well-documented articles giving current and historical information on the content of curriculum and on the processes of curriculum development found in 27 countries around the world; some deal with all of their curricula and some deal only with sciences, special education, or languages.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Comparative Curriculum

Kirylo, Peter D., Paulo Freire: The Man from Recifi. New York: Peter Lang, 2011., Peter D. Kirylo

Annotation: Explicates Freire's life and work (1921-1997) throughout his pre-exile years, his exile years, and the years following his return to Brazil; summarizes the influence that his own experiences had and that others' thinking had on his conception of critical education and pedagogy; analyzes the various themes found in his writings and his practice of education; presents the views of numerous scholars on Freire's legacy and his use of liberation theology and critical pedagogy; contains lengthy interviews with James A. Cone and with Freire's second wife Nita; opens with a foreword by Donald Macedo and a preface by Shirley Steinberg and concludes with an afterword by Peter McLaren; quotes and exposes the reader to most of Freire's writings and ideas apart from having to read original sources.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Theorists, Curriculum Visions and Philosophies
Source Discipline: Education
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry, Historical Inquiry, Critical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: Classics of Curriculum Literature, Conceptions of Teaching, Curriculum History, Curriculum Theory Creation and Uses, Teaching/Learning Process, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, Curriculum and Politics

Kister, Joanna, "Application of Empirical/Rational and Hermeneutic Science Modes of Inquiry to a Study of Home and Family Life for Curriculum Development, " 1981. ERIC Document No. ED 209 342., Joanna Kister

Annotation: Reports a study using hermeneutic inquiry.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Hermeneutic Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Materials Development and Evaluation

Kitching, Gavin, The Trouble with Theory: The Educational Costs of Postmodernism. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2008., Gavin Kitching

Annotation: Contains a set of philosophical arguments against theorists' adopting a postmodern philosophy of language like that found in the work of Foucault; draws on Wittgenstein's work to support the Enlightenment understanding of language and language use; critiques postmodern theorizing by students in excerpts from their theses.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Theorists, Inquiry Language in Curriculum Research, Curriculum Research and Inquiry-General
Source Discipline: Field other than Education
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Theory Creation and Uses

Klein, M. Frances, "A Conceptual Framework for Curriculum Decision Making," pp. 24-41 in M. Frances Klein, ed., The Politics of Curriculum Decision-Making: Issues in Centralizing the Curriculum . Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991., M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Poses a conceptual framework for curriculum decision-making in a 9 X 7 matrix.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Decision-making Processes
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis, Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Deliberation

Klein, M. Frances, "Alternative Curriculum Conceptions and Designs," Theory Into Practice, 25(Winter, 1986), 31-35., M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Identifies several viable conceptions of curriculum and curriculum design which may be employed in practice.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories,Curriculum Development, Organization, Design,Curriculum Proposals in Coherent Form
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis,Normative Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization

Klein, M. Frances, "A Perspective on the Gap between Curriculum Theory and Practice," Theory into Practice, 31(Summer, 1992), 191-197., M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Gives reasons for the gap between curriculum theory and practice and suggests ways of closing the gap.

Broad Topical Focus: Relation of Curriculum Research to Practice, Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Theory Creation and Uses

Klein, M. Frances, "Approaches to Curriculum Development in the United States." pp. 163-182 in Bjorg B. Gundem and Stefan Hopmann, eds., Didaktik and/or Curriculum. New York: Peter Lang, 1998.*, M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Contrasts curriculum reform with curriculum revision; contrasts systematic curriculum planning, implementation, and evaluation with newer alternative ways of curriculum planning; and explores related factors from technology to accountability.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Change
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Integrative Inquiry
Type of Study: Status Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Development Strategies

Klein, M. Frances, "Curriculum Design," pp. 1163-1170 in T. Husen and T. N. Postlethwaite, eds., International Encyclopedia of Education. New York: Pergamon, 1984., M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Gives characteristics and data sources for developing curriculum designs.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Status Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization

Klein, M. Frances, "Issues from Curriculum Theory in the Centralization of Curriculum," pp. 210-225 in M. Frances Klein, ed., The Politics of Curriculum Decision-Making: Issues in Centralizing the Curriculum . Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991., M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Summarizes the characteristics and impact of state-mandated curricula and notes the related perspectives from curriculum theory.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Decision-making Processes, Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Local Control of Schooling, Curriculum and Politics, Curriculum Development Strategies

Klein, M. Frances, "John I. Goodlad: Essential Characteristics of His Teaching," Teaching Education, 4(Spring, 1992), 155-160., M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Describes the background and professional work of John Goodlad.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Theorists
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History

Klein, M. Frances, "The Master Teacher as Curriculum Leader," The Elementary School Journal, 86(September, 1985), 35-43., M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Describes the roles a master teacher can play in curriculum planning.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Decision-making Processes, Curriculum Administration, Leadership, Finance
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Specialists in Schools, Professionalization in Curriculum, Programs of Study in Curriculum and Instruction

Klein, M. Frances, "The Toll for Curriculum Reform," Peabody Journal of Education, 69(Spring, 1994), 19-34.*, M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Reviews various forms of curriculum designs and their rationales and advocates further work on alternative designs.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization

Klein, M. Frances, "The Use of a Research Model to Guide Curriculum Development," Theory Into Practice, 22(Summer, 1983), 198-202.*, M. Frances Klein

Annotation: Describes a three-dimensional framework for identifying variables to be studied in curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Research Domains and Structure, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Development Strategies

Klein, M. Frances, and John I. Goodlad, "Curriculum Development in Cross-National Perspective," pp. 259-285 in John I. Goodlad & Associates, Curriclum Inquiry: The Study of Curriculum Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1979., M. Frances Klein and John I. Goodlad

Annotation: Reports a study of the work of national curriculum development centers in 18 countries; information was gathered on their curriculum development activities, reviews, and evaluation work; results are reported and analyzed.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curricuum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry, Comparative Curriculum Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Development Strategies, American/International Curriculum Organizaitons

Klein, M. Frances, Kenneth A. Tye, and Joyce E. Wright, "A Study of Schooling: Curriculum," Phi Delta Kappan, 61(December, 1979), 244-248.*, M. Frances Klein, Kenneth A. Tye, and Joyce E. Wright

Annotation: Provides the conceptual framework and examples of data gathered in the curriculum section of Goodlad's "A Study of Schooling."

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Research Domains and Structure, Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines, Defining Curriculum Research Questions
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Scientific/Empirical Inquiry
Type of Study: Survey
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, Classics of Curriculum Literature

Klein, Susan S., "A Framework for Redesigning an R & D-based National Education Dissemination System in the United States," Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 13(March, 1992), 256-286., Susan S. Klein

Annotation: Poses a set of components which a redesigned system would have to embrace.

Broad Topical Focus: Critique and Utilization of Curriculum Research and Inquiry
Source Discipline: Education
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Utilization, Knowledge Linkage

Klein, Susan S., "Research and Practice: Implications for Knowledge Synthesis in Education," Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 11(September, 1989), 58-78. *, Susan S. Klein

Annotation: Summarize the status of knowledge synthesis authorities in education as supported by the U.S. Office of Educational Research and Improvement; offers guidelines for quality synthesis documents.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines
Source Discipline: Education
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Integrative Inquiry
Type of Study: Research Synthesis
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation

Klein, Susan S., and Patricia E. Ortman, "Continuing the Journey Toward Gender Equity," Edcuational Researcher, 23(November, 1994), 13-21., Susan S. Klein and Patricia E. Ortman

Annotation: Addresses gender equity issues in both formal and informal curriculum, among other areas.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Integrative Inquiry
Type of Study: Research Synthesis
Narrow Topic: Hidden Curriculum, Content Selection and Organization, Materials Development and Evaluation

Kliebard, Herbert, "Exemplars of Curriculum Theory," pp. 84-101 in Celia S. Lavatelli, Walter J. Moore, and Theodore Kaltsounis, Elementary School Curriculum. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1972.*, Herbert Kliebard

Annotation: Gives five theories contributing to past and current development of curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Social Efficiency/Control, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert, "The Rise of Scientific Curriculum Making and its Aftermath," Curriculum Theory Network, 5(No. 1, 1975), 27-38.* Reprinted pp. 83-96 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Forging the American Curriculum: Essays in Curriculum History and Theory. New York: Routledge, 1992., Herbert Kliebard

Annotation: Reviews in detail the work of Bobbitt and Charters in scientific curriculum making and the criticism of this work by Bode.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Theorists, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Teacher Education

Kliebard, Herbert M., "A Century of Growing Antagonism in High School- College Relations," Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 3(Fall, 1987), 61-70. Reprinted with modifications, pp. 50-60 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Changing Course: American Curriculum Reform in the 20th Century. New York: Teachers College Press, 2002., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Sets forth the occurence of battles between high schools and colleges from 1890s to mid-twentieth century.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Secondary School Curriculum, Higher Education Curriculum, Curriculum History, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Bestor Agonistes," Educational Studies, 17(Winter, 1986), 542-549.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Reviews 1985 reissue of Arthur Bestor's Educational Wastelands.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Bureaucracy and Curriculum Theory," pp. 74-93 in Vernon F. Haubrich, ed., Freedom, Bureaucracy, and Schooling, 1971 ASCD Yearbook. Washington, DC: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1971. Reprinted pp. 51-69 in William F. Pinar, ed., Curriculum Theorizing . Berkeley, CA: McCutchan, 1975. Reprinted pp. 608-627 in Arno A. Bellack and Herbert M. Kliebard, eds., Curriculum and Evaluation . Berkeley, CA: McCutchan, 1977.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces the history of bureaucracy and standardization in the history of curriculum in the U. S. and notes contemporary revival of these aspects of curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Administration, Leadership, Finance, Inquiry Language in Curriculum Research
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, Organization Theory

Kliebard, Herbert M., Changing Course: American Curriculum Reform in the 20th Century. New York: Teachers College Press, 2002., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Gives eight examples of curriculum reforms in the history of U. S. curriculum and critiques these changes.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry, Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Constructing a History of the American Curriculum," pp. 157-184 in Philip W. Jackson, ed., Handbook of Research on Curriculum. New York: Macmillan, 1992., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces the course of historical work done on Committee Reports, scientific curriculum making, the John Dewey legacy, case studies, and school subjects.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Research Domains and Structure
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Curriculum History," pp. 264-267 in Marvin C. Alkin, ed., Encyclopedia of Educational Research, 6th ed. New YorK: Macmillan, 1992.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Reviews the reinterpretations of early twentieth century curriculum reforms by studies done in the last twenty-five years; also reviews recent historical case studies of school system curricula and the recent attention given to how subjects arose and changed.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines,Curriculum Research Domains and Structure,Curriculum Change
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Status Study
Narrow Topic: Knowledge Generation, Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert, M., "Curriculum History: United States," pp. 1204-1208 in T. Husen and T. N. Postlethwaite, eds., International Encyclopedia of Education. New York : Pergamon, 1984., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Presents a brief overview of U.S. curriculum history.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Status Study
Narrow Topic: Comparative Curriculum, Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Curriculum Movements in the United States," pp. 1227-1229 in T. Husen and T. N. Postlethwaite, eds., International Encyclopedia of Education . New York: Pergamon,1984., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Discusses briefly two curriculum movements of the post-WW-II era.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Status Study
Narrow Topic: Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum, Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Curriculum Past and Curriculum Present," Educational Leadership, 33(January, 1976), 245-248., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Writes about the value of having and doing curriculum history.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum as a Field of Practice and Study
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Curriculum Theory as Metaphor," Theory into Practice, 21(Winter, 1982), 11-17. Reprinted pp. 202-216 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Forging the American Curriculum: Essays in Curriculum History and Theory. New York: Routledge, 1992., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Describes the relation between metaphor an theory in curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Inquiry Language in Curriculum Research
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Theory Creation and Uses

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Curriculum Theory: Give Me a For Instance," Curriculum Inquiry, 6(No. 4, 1977), 257-269. Reprinted pp. 168-182 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Forging the American Curriculum: Essays on Curriculum History and Theory. New York: Routledge, 1992.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Presents a definition of curriculum theory; identifies the curriculum theory found in Dewey's writings.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Theorists,Curriculum Conceptions and Theories,Curriculum Proposals in Coherent Form
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry,Theoretical/Conceptual Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Content Selection and Organization, Curriculum Theory Creation and Uses

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Dewey and the Herbartians: The Genesis of a Theory of Curriculum," Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, 3(Winter, 1981), 154-161. Reprinted pp. 66-79 in William F. Pinar, ed., Contemporary Curriculum Discourses . Scottsdale, AZ: Gorsuch Scarisbrick, 1988. Also reprinted pp. 68-81 in William F. Pinar, ed., Contemporary Curriculum Discourses: Twenty Years of JCT. New York: Peter Lang, 1999., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Presents a review of Dewey's early career and his curriculum theory as influenced by the Herbartians.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories,Curriculum Theorists
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Dewey's Reconstruction of the Curriculum: From Occupation to Disciplined Knowledge," pp. 113-127 in David T. Hansen, ed., John Dewey and Our Educational Prospect: A Critical Engagement with Dewey's "Democracy and Education". Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2006., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Explicates Dewey's theory of curriculum as found in Chapters 13-15 of Dewey's Democracy and Education.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Visions and Philosophies, Curriculum Theorists
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Classics of Curriculum Literature, Curriculum as Experience, Content Selection and Organization

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Education at the Turn of the Century: A Crucible for Curriculum Change," Educational Researcher, 11(January, 1982), 16-24.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces the influence of four groups on curriculum: humanists, child-study movement, social efficiency educators, and the social meliorists.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Decision-making Processes
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Fads, Fashions, and Rituals: The Instability of Curriculum Change," pp. 16-34 in Laurel N. Tanner, ed., Critical Issues in Curriculum. 87th Yearbook of the NSSE, Part I. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1988. Reprinted with editorial modifications, pp. 76-90 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Changing Course: American Curriculum Reform in the 20th Century. New York: Teachers College Press, 2002., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Explores the causes of cyclical change in the history of American curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., Forging the American Curriculum: Essays in Curriculum History and Theory. New York: Routledge, 1992., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Reprints six essays in curriculum history and six in curriculum theory by Kliebard.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Collection of Studies
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Metaphorical Roots of Curriculum Design," Teachers College Record, 73(February, 1972), 403-404. Reprinted pp. 84-85 in William Pinar, ed., Curriculum Theorizing: The Reconceptualists. Berkeley, CA: McCutchan, 1975., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Identifies three metaphorical roots of curriculum design: production, growth, and travel.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories,Inquiry Language in Curriculum Research
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis,Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Theory Creation and Uses

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Persistent Curriculum Issues in Historical Perspective," pp. 31-41 in Edmund C. Short, ed., A Search for Valid Context for Curriculum Courses: Educational Comment, 1970. Toledo, OH: University of Toledo, College of Education, 1970. Reprinted pp. 39-50 in William F. Pinar, ed., Curriculum Theorizing . Berkeley, CA: McCutchan, 1975.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Identifies persistent issues in curriculum including the role of objectives and curriculum differentiation.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum as a Field of Practice and Study
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Aims and Objectives, Curriculum Differentiation, Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Problems of Definition in Curriculum," Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 5(Fall, 1989), 1-5. Also ERIC Document No. ED148 017.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Analyzes elements of curriculum: what should be taught, why, to whom, by what rules, and how these should be interrelated--all value questions.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Definitions
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis,Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Development Strategies

Kliebard, Herbert M., Schooled to Work: Vocationalism and the American Curriculum, 1871-1946. New York: Teachers College Press, 1999., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces efforts in U.S. educational history to incorporate into the schools and other social institutions viable curriculum related to work and preparation for work, including manual training, vocational education, CCC and NYA; documents the ideology of vocationalism at work and the political tactics of those for and against vocationalism.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Vocational vs. Liberal Education, Curriculum History, Curriculum and Politics, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert, M., "Structure of the Discipline as an Educational Slogan," Teachers College Record, 66(April, 1965), 598-603., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Critiques Bruner's phrase "structure of the disciplines" as an example of using a curriculum slogan before conducting inquiry.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Conceptual Analysis,Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and the Disciplines, Content Selection and Organization

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Success and Failure in Educational Reform: Are There Historical Lessons?" Peabody Journal of Education, 65(Winter, 1988). Reprinted pp. 97-112 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Forging American Curriculum: Essays in Curriculum History and Theory. New York: Routledge, 1992. Also reprinted with editorial modifications, pp. 126-137 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Changing Course: American Curriculum Reform in the 20th Century. New York: Teachers College Press, 2002., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Examines three kinds of educational reform efforts and highlights what can be learned from these historical examples.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Systematic Curriculum Development, 1890-1959," pp. 197-236 in Jon Schaffarzick and Gary Sykes, eds., Value Conflicts and Curriculum Issues: Lessons from Research and Experience . Berkeley: McCutchan, 1979.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Includes a broad definition of curriculum; reviews early reform efforts, the emergence of the curriculum field, and the school survey movement; and describes the reemergence of the social efficiency ideology.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Definitions, Curriculum as a Field of Practice and Study, Curriculum Theorists
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Literature of Curriculum, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., " 'That Evil Genius of the Negro Race' : Thomas Jesse Jones and Educational Reform," Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 10(Fall, 1994), 5-20. Reprinted with editorial modifications, pp. 24-38 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Changing Course: American Curriculum Reform in the 20th Century. New York: Teachers College Press, 2002., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces the work and influence of Thomas Jesse Jones on curriculum at Hampton Institute, on social studies at large, and more generally on instrumentalist (economic) purposes for curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Theorists
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Social Studies, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The 'Cardinal Principles' Report as Archaeological Deposit," Curriculum Studies, 3(October, 1995). Reprinted with editorial modifications, pp. 39-49 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Changing Course: American Curriculum Reform in the 20th Century. New York: Teachers College Press, 2002., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Contrasts the 1918 Cardinal Principles report with the 1893 Committee of Ten report; suggests revised interpretations of each report's consequences.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Proposals in Coherent Form
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Classics of Curriculum Literature, Secondary School Curriculum, Curriculum History, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Curriculum Field in Retrospect," pp. 69-84 in Paul W. F. Witt, ed., Technology and the Curriculum . New York: Teachers College Press, 1968.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces the beginnings and the formative years of the curriculum field, noting dichotomies and diffentiations that appeared in curriculum practice.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum as a Field of Practice and Study
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Literature of Curriculum, Curriculum Deliberation, Curriculum as Experience

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Decline of Humanistic Studies in the American School Curriculum," pp. 7-30 in Benjamin Ladner, ed., The Humanities in Precollegiate Education. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1984. Reprinted pp. 3-26 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Forging the American Curriculum: Essays in Curriculum History and Theory. New York: Routledge, 1992., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces the decline in humanities studies in schools in the context of Dewey and of college expectations.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Art Education, Humanities

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Development of Certain Key Curriculum Issues in the United States," pp. 169-183 in Philip H. Taylor and Mauritz Johnson, eds., Curriculum Development: A Comparative Study . Windsor, Berks, England: NFER, 1974.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Reviews U. S. origins of curriculum field and some of the issues addressed in the past.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Theorists, Curriculum Change, Curriculum as a Field of Practice and Study
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Comparative Curriculum, Curriculum Theory Creation and Uses

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Drive for Curriculum Change in the United States, 1890-1958. II--From Local Reform to a National Preoccupation," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 11(October-December, 1979), 274-286.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces the use of school surveys and local reform from 1920 onward, reviews the work of the Educational Policies Commission of the NEA, the development of ASCD, and post-WW II curriculum development.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change, Curriculum as a Field of Practice and Study
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Frameworks, Curriculum Specialists in Schools, American/International Curriculum Organizations

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Drive for Curriculum Change in the United States, 1890-1958. I--The Ideological Roots of Curriculum as a Field of Specialization," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 11(July-September, 1979), 191-202.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Discusses various committees of the National Education Association whose reports laid the groundwork for curriculum as a field of specialization; covers 1890-1920.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Change,Curriculum as a Field of Practice and Study
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Curriculum Specialists in Schools

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Effort to Reconstruct the Modern Curriculum," pp. 19-31 in Landon E. Beyer and Michael W. Apple, eds., The Curriculum: Problems, Politics, and Possibilities. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1988. Also appears in 1998 second edition., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Explains how the curriculum at any given time reflects competing doctrines and practices.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Liberal Arts Curriculum and Its Enemies: The Effort to Redefine General Education," pp. 29-51 in Ian Westbury and Alan C. Purves, eds, Cultural Literacy and the Idea of General Education. 87th Yearbook of the NSSE, Part II. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1988. Reprinted pp. 27-50 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Forging the American Curriculum: Essays in Curriculum History and Theory. New York: Routledge, 1992. Also reprinted pp. 3-25 in Margaret J. Early and Kenneth J. Rehage, eds., Issues in Curriculum: A Selection of Chapters from NSSE Yearbooks, 98th Yearbook of the NSSE, Part II. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1999., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Shows how the views of Herbert Spencer and others in the mid-nineteenth century challenged and overtook the historic view of liberal education, the effect of which are evident in curricula of twentieth century schooling.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Theorists,Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Liberal Education/General Education, Curriculum History, Comparative Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Mounting Challenge to the Subject Curriculum,'' pp. 200-221, and "The State of School Subjects at Midcentury," pp. 222-249, in Herbert M. Kliebard, The Struggle for the American Curriculum, 1893-1958, 3rd ed. New York: RoutledgeFalmer, 2004., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Outlines the struggle between the "need"/"core" curriculum and the academic subjects curriculum in the 1940s and 1950s; describes the struggles going on within the academic subjects as well for direction of the curriculum.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Content Selection and Organization, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Search for Meaning in Progressive Education: Curriculum Conflict in the Context of Status Politics," pp. 231-252 in Herbert M. Kliebard, The Struggle for the American Curriculum, 1893-1958, 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 1995. Reprinted pp. 271-292 in 3rd ed. New York: RoutlegeFalmer, 2004., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Explains the theoretical framework for the author's interpretation of curriculum history in the full volume in terms of status politics and the symbolic nature of interest-group struggles over curriculum during this period.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making, Curriculum Contexts and Societal Influences, Curriculum Visions and Philosophies, Curriculum Inquiry Guidelines, Defining Curriculum Research Questions
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Knowledge Generation, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert, M., The Struggle for the American Curriculum: 1893-1958 . Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986. 2nd ed., Routledge, 1995; 3rd ed., RoutledgeFalmer, 2004. A review can be found in Curriculum Inquiry 40(March, 2010), 205-220., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Represents the first history of the American curriculum; interprets curriculum changes in light of political factors vying for dominance but with no one of these factors gaining complete dominance.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making,Curriculum Change,Curriculum Theorists
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Research Synthesis
Narrow Topic: Curriculum and Politics, Curriculum History, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Tyler Rationale Revisited," Journal of Curriculum Studies, 27(January-February, 1995), 81-88.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Reviews his1970 criticisms of the Tyler rationale and comments on Hlebowitsh's 1992 article on the same subject.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Theorists, Curriculum Decision-making Processes
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Classics of Curriculum Literature, Content Selection and Organization

Kliebard, Herbert M., "The Tyler Rationale," School Review, 78(February, 1970), 259-272.* Reprinted pp. 70-83 in William F. Pinar, ed., Curriculum Theorizing. Berkeley, CA: McCutchan Publishing, 1975. Reprinted pp. 153-167 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Forging the American Curriculum: Essays in Curriculum History and Theory. New York: Routledge, 1992., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Critiques the Tyler rationale for its over-reliance on the rational use of educational objectives.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Conceptions and Theories, Curriculum Development, Organization, Design, Curriculum Theorists
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Ampliative Criticism
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum Aims and Objectives, Classics of Curriculum Literature, Curriculum Development Strategies

Kliebard, Herbert M., "Vocational Education as Symbolic Action: Connecting Schooling with the Workplace," American Educational Research Journal , 27 (Spring, 1990), 9-26. Reprinted as "Curriculum Policy as Symbolic Action: Connecting Education with the Workplace," pp. 143-158 in Henning Haft and Stephan Hopmann, eds., Case Studies in Curriculum Administrative History. Philadelphia: The Falmer Press, 1990. Reprinted under original title, pp. 183-201 in Herbert M. Kliebard, Forging the American Curriculum: Essays in Curriculum History and Theory. New York: Routledge, 1992.*, Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces the politics of the vocational education movement in the early 1900s and the role of the professional educators and others in this movement; sees the work ethic at the core of the movement's symbolic action.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Philosophical Inquiry-Speculative Essay, Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Vocational vs. Liberal Education, Curriculum and Politics, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum

Kliebard, Herbert M., "What Happened to American Schooling in the First Part of the Twentieth Century?" pp. 1-22 in Elliot W. Eisner, ed., Learning and Teaching the Ways of Knowing, 84th Yearbook of the NSSE, Part II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985., Herbert M. Kliebard

Annotation: Traces early 20th century reforms and their critics.

Broad Topical Focus: Curriculum Policies and Policy Making,Curriculum Change,Curriculum Theorists
Source Discipline: Curriculum
Mode of Inquiry in the Study: Historical Inquiry
Type of Study: Single Study
Narrow Topic: Curriculum History, Value Assumptions and Ideologies in Curriculum